Air Force Rules 167–174: Criminal Court vs Court-Martial, Section 161 Petition, Rule 172 Annulment, Imprisonment & Pardon

Detailed guide to Air Force Rules 167–174 covering choice between criminal court and court-martial, service-record evidence, custody and retrial after mental unfitness, Section 161(2) post-confirmation petitions, Rule 172 annulment of illegal or unjust court-martial proceedings, execution of imprisonment and pardon/remission powers.

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Significant Beneficial Ownership Under Section 90 Companies Act: 10% SBO Test, BEN-1, BEN-2, BEN-3, BEN-4, Trusts, LLPs, Restrictions & Penalties 2026

A practitioner-focused guide to Significant Beneficial Ownership under Section 90 of the Companies Act, 2013, covering the 10% SBO test, indirect holdings, trusts, LLPs, foreign structures, BEN-1 to BEN-4, NCLT restrictions and penalties.

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Air Force Rules 158–166: Army/Navy Command, Section 20(3) Dismissal Authority, Pay Deductions, POW Dependants & Provost-Marshal

Detailed guide to Air Force Rules 158–166 covering Army/Navy command over Air Force personnel, superior-officer status, Section 20(3) dismissal authority, remission of deductions, POW/missing-person dependants and provost-marshal appointments.

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Sections 185 & 186 Companies Act: Loans to Directors, Inter-Corporate Loans, Guarantees, Security, Limits, Approvals & Penalties 2026

A 2026 practitioner guide to Sections 185 and 186 of the Companies Act, 2013 covering prohibited director loans, permitted interested-party loans, inter-corporate loan limits, board/shareholder approvals, exemptions, MBP-2, MGT-14, penalties and the 2025 Rule 11 amendment.

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Air Force Rules 154–157: Court of Inquiry, Rule 156(2) Rights, Illegal Absence, Evidence, Copies & Collective Fines

Air Force Rules 154–157 explained: Court of Inquiry procedure, Rule 156(2) rights, illegal absence inquiries, cross-examination, copies, evidentiary use and collective fines.

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Director Disqualification Under Sections 164 & 167 Companies Act: 3-Year Non-Filing, DIN, Vacation of Office, Strike-Off & Remedies 2026

A practitioner guide to director disqualification under Sections 164 and 167 of the Companies Act, 2013, covering three-year non-filing, five-year bar, vacation of office, DIN deactivation, resignation, strike-off companies, Section 252 restoration, DIR-10 and High Court remedies.

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AFT Order: Supreme Court Appeal or High Court Writ? Sections 30–31 AFT Act, 90-Day Limit, Leave & Parashotam Dass 2026

AFT order challenge in 2026: when to use Sections 30–31 AFT Act for Supreme Court appeal, when Article 226 High Court writ is maintainable, limitation, leave and Article 136(2).

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Air Force Rules 144–153: Execution of Sentences, Cashiering, Dismissal, Death Sentence, Field Punishment & Detention

Air Force Rules 144–153 explained: committal warrants, cashiering and dismissal, death-sentence safeguards, petitions, death warrants, pardon or commutation, field punishment and detention under the Air Force Act, 1950.

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ROC Strike Off & Company Restoration Under Sections 248 and 252: NCLT Appeal, 3-Year/20-Year Limitation, Form NCLT-9, Fees & 2026 Law

A practitioner guide to ROC strike off and restoration under Sections 248 and 252 of the Companies Act, 2013, covering grounds, notices, NCLT remedies, 3-year and 20-year limitation, Form NCLT-9, filing fee, evidence, costs, appeals and 2026 case law.

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Air Force Rules 130–143: Summary General Court-Martial (SGCM), Convening, Challenges, Evidence, Defence, Finding & Sentence

Detailed guide to Air Force Rules 130–143 governing Summary General Court-Martial in the Indian Air Force: convening, composition, charges, challenges, arraignment, jurisdiction, evidence, defence, findings, sentence, adjournment and Rule 142 application.

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