A practitioner-focused 2026 guide to cognizable and non-cognizable offences under the BNS and BNSS, covering Sections 173–175, Zero FIR, e-FIR, preliminary inquiry, arrest, NCR procedure, Magistrate orders and remedies for refusal to register FIR.
Read MoreA practitioner-focused guide to Section 113 of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita covering the definition of terrorist act, punishment, SP-level choice between BNS and UAPA, bail, investigation, NIA jurisdiction, sanction, evidence and emerging 2026 case law.
Read MoreA practitioner-focused guide to Section 112 BNS covering petty organised crime, group or gang membership, theft and snatching, cheating, ticket black-marketing, betting and gambling, exam paper sales, arrest, bail, trial and emerging 2025–26 High Court case law.
Read MoreA practitioner-focused guide to Section 111 of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 covering organised crime, continuing unlawful activity, qualifying charge-sheets, syndicate liability, arrest, bail, punishment, property exposure and defence strategy.
Read MoreSection 230 BNSS explained: the accused and represented victim's right to free copies of the police report, FIR, witness statements, Section 183 statements and relied-upon documents within 14 days, electronic supply, voluminous records, withheld portions and the Supreme Court's 2026 default-bail ruling.
Read MoreComplete section-wise guide to all 531 BNSS 2023 sections with practical explanations, CrPC correspondence, leading case law and official source links.
Read MoreSection 193(9) BNSS permits further investigation after a police report or charge-sheet, but 2026 Supreme Court rulings require judicial permission. This guide explains supplementary reports, closure reports, the 90-day trial rule, new accused, additional offences and defence objections.
Read MoreThe Supreme Court in Parvinder Singh v. Directorate of Enforcement, 2026 INSC 519, held that the first proviso to Section 223(1) BNSS creates a mandatory substantive right of the accused to be heard before cognizance on a complaint, and non-compliance renders the cognizance order void ab initio.
Read MoreA practitioner-focused guide to lawful and excessive bail conditions under the BNSS: passport surrender, foreign travel, sureties, monetary deposits, reporting, witness contact, location tracking and modification remedies.
Read MoreA practical guide to bail on parity under the BNSS: when a co-accused’s bail order helps, the similarity test, criminal antecedents, special statutes, successive applications and Supreme Court law.
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