Current guide to the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023: primary and secondary evidence, electronic records and Section 63 certificate, admissions, confessions, documents, presumptions and burden of proof.
Read MoreCurrent guide to BNS Sections 85 and 86 on cruelty by husband or relatives: punishment, statutory definition, complaint under BNSS Section 220, evidence, Domestic Violence Act overlap and remedies.
Read MoreCurrent BNSS guide to non-bailable warrants: Sections 72-93, issue of warrants, bailable endorsement, recall/cancellation, bail, service, arrest, proclamation and practical remedies.
Read MoreSection 318 BNS is the current cheating provision in India. This guide explains its ingredients, punishment, breach-of-contract distinction, BNSS compounding, electronic jurisdiction, evidence, FIR strategy and defence.
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7 Essential Legal Rules for Employment Bonds in India Yes, an employment bond can be legally enforceable in India—but not every employment bond is automatically valid. The Supreme Court of India significantly clarified the law in Vijaya Bank & Anr. v. Prashant B. Narnaware, 2025 INSC 691, where it upheld a contractual condition requiring an...
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FIR, Zero FIR & e-FIR under BNSS LAW STUDENT NOTESCRIMINAL PROCEDURESECTION 173 BNSS Section 173 of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 (BNSS) governs information relating to cognizable offences. It gives statutory recognition to territorial flexibility associated with Zero FIR, permits information by electronic communication, requires a free copy for the informant or victim, creates...
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If a statutory complaint in the Indian Army is rejected, the aggrieved person may approach the Armed Forces Tribunal by filing an Original Application, provided the dispute falls within the Tribunal’s service-matter jurisdiction. For officers, the statutory remedy is linked to Section 27 of the Army Act, 1950, which allows an officer who deems himself...
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Labour law compliance risk mitigation for private companies in India means creating a structured HR and statutory-compliance system that reduces exposure from unpaid wages, minimum-wage violations, PF/ESI defaults, gratuity disputes, bonus liability, maternity-benefit claims, POSH non-compliance, contractor-labour issues, wrongful termination, overtime disputes, misclassification of employees as consultants, missing appointment letters, defective HR records and inspection-related...
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Director liability risk mitigation for private companies in India means creating systems that protect directors from personal exposure arising out of statutory defaults, unauthorised contracts, related-party transactions, tax and GST defaults, labour dues, cheque-bounce matters, data breaches, workplace complaints, regulatory non-compliance and defective board records. Under the Companies Act, 2013, directors have statutory duties under...
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Corporate Risk • Governance • Investigations • India • 2026 Corporate Risk Mitigation in India: Legal Risk Audit, Fraud Controls, Internal Investigations & Board Protection 2026 A practical framework for promoters, boards, CFOs, HR leaders, compliance teams, lenders and investors dealing with legal, operational, fraud, people, vendor, data and transaction risk. Preventive reviewRisk registers, controls,...
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